“It is unrealistic to expect individual nations to make, independently, the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy.

International leadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect the world’s energy resources

for future generations.”

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons

and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.

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The laws of Physics state that energy is a conserved quantity and it can neither be created nor destroyed. This law, while true in its statement, has a limited scope in the practical situation of energy production in the world. The reusability facotor of energy sources is limited. The technology today is limited in scope when it comes to generation of energy from natural elements. Only certain objects such as coal, oil, flowing water, wind etc. can be utilised to sustain the ever increasing global energy demands.

Adding to this technological barrier is the ever increasing energy demands across the globe. The developing nations are one of the largest consumers of energy. They require the energy to sustain their pace of developement.China and India are two examples of countries where the per capita consumption of energy has increased almost three times over the last 50 years. The availability of new gadgets and the increase in spending ability of the citizens due to the free market policies have led to this hike. The established power plants are also using outdated technology and are less efficient compared to their counterparts in developed nations. This wastage also adds to the net amount of energy utilised in a country.The sheer presuure to maintain a staus quo prohibits the countries from taking any steps in sacrificing its needs to conserve energy.

On the other hand, the developed countries such as USA, need large amount of energy to maintain the lifestyle that its citizens are used to.USA, today, is one of the largest importer of crude oil. The power plants are more developed in these countries and are more efficient but the sheer volume of energy consumed makes up for the higher effeciency.

The political and economic factors of a country also play a significant role in its standing as a large or small consumer of energy resources. A country that is having higher foreign debts will not be in a position to import the latest technology and will have to make do with old an lesser effeceint systems to generate its power requirements.

Some countries do not have the technology to harness and utilise the renewable sources of energy.

The fossil fuels are limited in quantity and are projected to be consumed within the next 50 years at the current pace of exploitation. Smaller countries,as individuals, do not have much say in the global energy scenario due to their dependence on other nations.

However, the threat of global warming is no longer just a threat today. The reduction in the arctic ice shelf is pretty evident and the global increase in average temperatures is noticable to one and all. If the energy situation is not analysed on a global scale now, it would be too late to control and protect the worlds’ energy resources for the future generations.

The unconditional transfer and sharing of technology between nations could be just the step required to initiate the change.

This can only be achieved with global co-operation and a will among the individual leaderships to rise above petty differences and work towards a common goal under the leadership of a global organisation. The implementation of the ‘Kyoto Protocol’, the MARPOL 73/78 guidelines issued by IMO are some steps taken in this direction. Global research on renewable energy resources and thier mass applications can definitely help in preserving the world’s resources.

The future of our generations is in our hand and we can shape the world for them by taking suitable actions immediately on a global scale. If all nations participate and co-operate then and only then can we expect to protect our resources.

“In some countries, television and radio programs are carefully censored for offensive language and behavior. Inother countries, there is little or no censorship.”

In your view, to what extent should government or any other group be able to censor television or radio programs?

Explain, giving relevant reasons and/or examples to support your position.

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The unquenchable thirst for knowledge has been the main propellant in taking mankind to new frontiers. In modern times, this awareness and knowhow is spread by the mass communication media available in various conutries. Televison and radio programs have a very big hand in formulating the opinions of the common people with regards to global issues.

The censorship laws, initially formulated to act as guidelines for programming, have taken a very vicious form in certain countries. In these areas, the governement or some other regulatory group monitors the broadcasted content with an iron hand.

This act violates the very basic human right of freedom of speech and thought.

In a country where all programs are always under a microscope due to some pretext or the other, invariably has unaware citizens in its cities and towns. With extreme censorship, the regualting body can easily govern the content and force people to watch or hear what it thinks is the best for them.They assume the role of being the moral guardians of the populace and do not realise that they are irrevocable tampering with the holistic developement of their citizens. A few years ago, the television and radio programs were extremely restricted in parts of Afghanistan. The end result was that its citizens had no clue about happenings or events other than those which were told to them.

In my personal opinion, the government is no one to decide what is good for its subjects. The definition of “suitable” varies according to the educational, social, economic and political upbringing of the masses. A documentary on drug trafficking may be quite normal for a group of people , while at the same time it may be the cause of ire for some other group.

The accountability and moral responsibility of what we view should rest with the citizens themselves. The parent is responsible for the upbringing of their child. They are well qualified to decide the suitability of the programs on the naive mind of their children in the formative years.

An aware and socially conscious population is the best that any nation can have. If all angles of a particular situation are presented in an unbiased manner,including the behaviour of characters, the people will have a more objective view towards the situation. A case where the shoddy behaviour and foul language has been omitted will only develope a distorted and biased view.

On the other end, if no censorship exists, then it may lead to total anarchy where each televiosn or radio channel would be airing contrasting opinions and vulgarity would have no end. Instead, I feel that, a set of guidelines should be adopted by the regulating body and periodical inspections of the television and radio programming content should be carried out.Defualters should be warned and repeat offenders should be banned from airing their programs.

With this moderate approach only can the citizens of a nation become aware and intelligent.

The following appeared in a memorandum written by the chair of the music department to the president of Omega University:

“Mental health experts have observed that symptoms of mental illness are less pronounced in many patients after group music-therapy sessions, and job openings in the music therapy field have increased during the past year. Consequently graduates from our degree program for music therapists should have no trouble finding good positions. To help improve the financial status of Omega University, we should therefore expand our music-therapy degree program by increasing its enrollment targets.”

Discuss how well reasoned …. etc.

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It has been scientifically proved that music plays a vital role in curing diseases and mental illness. During the past year many experiments have been done to authenticate the role of music therapies in mental illness. The chair of the music department accepts this fact but also gives some hypothetical beliefs by connecting the evident with the job opportunities and the financial status of the college.

The memorandum written by the chair person of the music department assumes only that expanding the music-therapy degree program by increasing its enrollment targets will help in increasing the financial status of Omega University. The author fails to provide the sufficient data of the total enrollments presently being done in music therapy degree and the applications submitted by the students for the same degree program. It could be possible that the students are not interested in the course.

The memorandum also echoed loud that the graduates in music therapy from Omega University are facing difficulty in searching good positions in the industry of music therapy. On the contrary the chairperson stated that the number of jobs in music-therapy has increased during the past year. So if present termed graduates are not getting good position jobs then how can the music department expand their degree programme.

So, to analyze from any point of view the memorandum is not able to clarify the reason to expand the music-therapy degree program. If the chair person want to increase the enrollment targets in music-therapy degree then the chairperson will have to make their correlation clear. Therefore if the chair of the music department wants any grant from the president of Omega University it will have to base its case on firm grounds and present more relevant data and facts.

When we are in the mid of 40-50 of our age we realize that if we had done this or that when we were young then we might had reached upto this level. And they always pray to get a second chance in life. The part of time they had spended in roaming around with friends, bunking school or college lectures, night outs and many other leisure activities can be used to enrich our enrich our talents for some good use. But life don’t give chance to anyone to improve their past. And then the common saying comes to existence that “Youth is wasted on the young.”

As how can someone pin down himself to like their teacher. If a teacher cannot play an influential role in the life of his students, he cannot motivate his students, he cannot become an idle for his students then in that case how can students like their teacher. I firmly believe that student must like their teacher in order to get better understanding of their subjects; so that they can understand in spite of just grasping their subjects and that only depends on the quality of education he/ she is providing to their students. They must take it as a responsibility in spite of their duty.

Parents come to our life when we take birth but we make friends when we are capable enough to interact a part of society. And hence comparing the the teacher with our friends is not worthy.

Indeed money is an important part of life but the best thing is life do not cost money. If someone is dying one can make arrangements to save his life using the money but money cannot change the fate, it can’t stop the coming death. Similarly we can purchase items and gifts to make someone happy but you cannot purchase smile for someone. As an example the money of whole world cannot bring a smile on the face of the parents whose child is not with them. Their child is the only one who can make them smile by marking his presence with them.

As to conclude I can say that money is necessary to live a healthy, prosperous and happy life but that dosen’t make sense that money is everything as per a common saying “Smile a lot it costs nothing” implies that the best thing in life do not cost money.

Earlier teachers were used to set examples for each and every thing so that the students may set a target for themselves. Which in turn motivates them to complete that task. Also they encourage their students to achieve the targeted goals. They tend to help the students not only in their studies but also in all aspects of life which in turn also built up their motivation.

But now a days teacher does their job just for money. They don’t feel to motivate students as part of their job. They come to classes teaches students their respective course/ chapter or subject and leave the class without caring that weather the students are understanding it or not. Since because of all these reasons I don’t think that now a days teachers are responsible for motivating students to learn.

One major imperative factor is advertisement needs lot of funds and hence only those products can sustain in market that contains a good sale and quality to reach its customers. And hence only quality products can afford the marketing or advertisement of its goods.

In short I would like to say that without the help of advertisement a person will never be able to know and compare between a list of products which in turn effects him in a positive manner. Therefore I strictly disagree that advertising influences people’s behaviour in a negative manner.

I firmly believe that leaders are not born. As there are certain qualities that a leader should have in him/her, and that cannot be generated by practicing to be a leader. A leader should be humble and should a have a great communication skill so that he shall be able to communicate his/her idea to his/her team. These are the very two basic qualities a leader must possess without it a person cannot become a leader in any aspect of life. A leader must be honest, should have a sense of responsibility towards the targeted goals, should be capable of making a great plan of action, must have some principles towards the life and basically should have the power to motivate himself and to his team.

I remember that I was always elected as my class prefect till secondary and then I was elected as an house and sports captain in my school. While being elected as an leader I realized the responsibility I had on my shoulders. I was never biased for my friends and always respect my work and my subordinates for the proper function of my assigned duties. Due to which I was awarded with the “Best Student” award.

There is  a very common saying that “With great powers comes great responsibilities” that shows another aspect of leadership skills. In the end I would like to say that become a leader is an easy task but to follow the paths of leadership is true challenging.